1. For a restriction enzyme of sequence CAATTG, about how many cut sites would you expect in the entire genome?

2. Sequences to align, and sketch a likely divergence tree:

    Seq A   AGAUUCGUCUGUAGGUUUCCACCAA

    Seq B   ACAUUCGUGUAUAGGUUUCCACUAA

    Seq C   ACAUUCGUGUAGAGGUUUCCACUAA

    Seq D   AAGUUCGCUUGGAGGUUUCCACGAA

    Seq E   AUCGUGAGAUCCAGGUAUCCACAAU

3. Draw an evolutionary tree of these animals from planet Zlerin. Assume the species mutate and diverge at 1.5% / million years:

Table shows percent relatedness of each pair of species.

4. Explain how the processes of gene cloning and PCR amplification are based on naturally occurring enzymatic processes in microbial genetics.

5. Explain the role of nucleic acid hybridization in identifying particular gene sequences within genomic DNA or cellular RNA. Compare and contrast the use of Northern blot, real-time PCR, and microarrays to measure gene expression.

6. Explain examples of regulating gene expression at the level of DNA sequence; RNA transcription; protein translation; and modification of RNA and of proteins.

7. Explain with a diagram the comprehensive model of eukaryotic transcription regulation. Explain which features are analogous to specific features of bacterial gene regulation.

8. Explain with examples the typical structure of eukaryotic transcription factors, including DNA binding and signal reception domains.

9. Explain the difference between operon and regulon. What kinds of molecular mechanism typically mediate the control of a regulon?

10. For each partial-diploid for the lac operon, explain whether B-galactosidase is expressed, and whether lactose is needed as inducer, and why: